Chapter 3, LO-1 notes

• Greek-city states were the first to practice citizen participation in government
• the city-states also traded and colonized along the Mediterranean Sea
• after 500 BC it enabled them to preserve their independence against the kings of Persia
• over 3,000 years up to the Persian Empire, civilization had spread from its Sumerian and Egyptian homelands to right across from southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa
• 4000 BC farming and village life had spread throughout the continent
• by 3500 BC there were peoples in western Europe who could construct ceremonial monuments
• archeologists have found traces of them in the soil
• Stonehenge was a huge open- air monument built by a prosperous farming and trading people wets of England
• was built in 2000 BC
• 2500 BC was when Indo European Peoples moved into Europe
• European peoples had traditionally worshipped that turned to Gods of fatherhood and thunder
• when a leading warrior died all his belongings would go with him in his grave
• the warriors wife would be buried next to him
• tribes formed loose alliances under warrior kings or queens and together they would battle comrades
• tribal groupings fought for metals, slaves, and other items that brought prestige the their possessors
• these groups were mostly temporary
• people who spoke Indo-European were most likely skilled in many things
• barbarians was from the original word barbaros meaning non-Greek